Glucokinase; Hexokinase type IV; HK IV; Hexokinase-4; HK4; Hexokinase-D; GCK

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Polyclonal

Rabbit IgG

Rabbit

This GCK antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 1-30 amino acids from the N-terminal region of human GCK.

Purified Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (Pab)

Purified polyclonal antibody supplied in PBS with 0.09% (W/V) sodium azide. This antibody is prepared by Saturated Ammonium Sulfate (SAS) precipitation followed by dialysis against PBS.

Vial Concentration: 2 (lot specific)

Maintain refrigerated at 2-8 degree C for up to 6 months. For long term storage store at -20 degree C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

Small volumes of anti-GCK antibody vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. If necessary, briefly centrifuge the vial on a tabletop centrifuge to dislodge any liquid in the container`s cap. Certain products may require to ship with dry ice and additional dry ice fee may apply.

Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, thus committing glucose to the glycolytic pathway. Alternative splicing of the gene for GCK results in three tissue-specific forms of glucokinase, one found in pancreatic islet beta cells and two found in liver. The protein localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. Mutations in the gene have been associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), also called maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 2 (MODY2); mutations have also been associated with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI).

Crown Antibodies; Cancer; Cardiovascular; Metabolism; Signal Transduction

Immunofluorescence (IF), ELISA (EIA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB)

WB~~1:1000

GCK Antibody (M1) western blot analysis in HepG2 cell line and rat liver lysates (35ug/lane).This demonstrates the GCK antibody detected the GCK protein (arrow).

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of GCK Antibody (N-term) with HepG2 cell followed by Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit lgG (green). DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclear (blue).

Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human cancer tissue reacted with the primary antibody, which was peroxidase-conjugated to the secondary antibody, followed by AEC staining. This data demonstrates the use of this antibody for immunohistochemistry; clinical relevance has not been evaluated. BC = breast carcinoma; HC = hepatocarcinoma.

52191

glucokinase (hexokinase 4)

glucokinase

Glucokinase

HK IV; HK4??[Similar Products]

HXK4_HUMAN

Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. Alternative splicing of this gene results in three tissue-specific forms of glucokinase, one found in pancreatic islet beta cells and two found in liver. The protein localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. Mutations in this gene have been associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 2 (MODY2) and persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI). [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

GK: a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes glucose metabolism in the liver and pancreatic beta cells. Acts as a ""glucose sensor"" in beta cells. The first and rate-limiting step in glycosis, a pathway that produces energy in the form of ATP from glucose. Glucokinase traps glucose inside the cell by catalyzing its phosphorylation to produce glucose-6-phosphate. Has a lower affinity for glucose than the three other isozymes of hexokinase, allowing other organs such as the brain and muscles to have first call on glucose when its supply is limited. Unlike other hexokinases, glucokinase is not inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate. Glucokinase is found in the outer membrane compartment of mitochondria. May bind VDAC, suppressing mitochondrial function. Glucokinase transcription is induced by insulin, perhaps via the activation of Stat 5B. Mutant glucokinase causes a rare form of diabetes and may also play a role in type 2 diabetes. Three splice variant isoforms of human glucokinase have been described.

Protein type: Carbohydrate Metabolism - galactose; EC 2.7.1.2; Carbohydrate Metabolism - amino sugar and nucleotide sugar; Carbohydrate Metabolism - starch and sucrose; Mitochondrial; Carbohydrate Metabolism - glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; Kinase, other

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7p15.3-p15.1

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; mitochondrion; actin filament; basal cortex; cytosol; secretory granule

Molecular Function: protein binding; mannokinase activity; fructokinase activity; magnesium ion binding; glucokinase activity; ADP binding; protein phosphatase binding; ATP binding; glucose binding

Biological Process: glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process; positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; lipid homeostasis; pathogenesis; glucose transport; glucose homeostasis; NADP metabolic process; cellular response to glucose starvation; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; detection of glucose; regulation of glycolysis; negative regulation of gluconeogenesis; transmembrane transport; second-messenger-mediated signaling; glycogen biosynthetic process; glycolysis; regulation of potassium ion transport; glucose metabolic process; positive regulation of insulin secretion; endocrine pancreas development; fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolic process; cellular response to insulin stimulus; hexose transport; positive regulation of glycolysis; carbohydrate metabolic process; carbohydrate phosphorylation; negative regulation of epinephrine secretion; cell glucose homeostasis; regulation of insulin secretion; positive regulation of phosphorylation

Disease: Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia, Familial, 3; Diabetes Mellitus, Permanent Neonatal; Maturity-onset Diabetes Of The Young, Type 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-dependent

Gloyn, A.L., et al., Diabetes 52(9):2433-2440 (2003).
Pruhova, S., et al., Diabetologia 46(2):291-295 (2003).
Rizzo, M.A., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 277(37):34168-34175 (2002).
Cao, H., et al., Hum. Mutat. 20(6):478-479 (2002).
Barrio, R., et al., J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87(6):2532-2539 (2002).

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