Salmonella Typhi antibody – clone ST25
Mouse anti Salmonella Typhi antibody is suitable for the detection of Salmonella Typhi.
The antibody does not cross react with Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium difficile, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Helicobacter pylori, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica.
The bacterial genus Salmonella are rod-shaped, gram negative facultative anaerobic bacilli, that belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The genus is divided into two species groups, Salmonella enterica (S.enterica) and Salmonella bongori. S.enterica is further divided into six subspecies which includes S. enterica subspecies enterica. Salmonella Typhi is a serovar of this subspecies and is classified as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Both S.Typhi and S.Paratyphi belong to the same subspecies and are generally referred to as Salmonella.
Humans are the sole reservoir for S.Typhi, and the bacterium is transmitted from person-to-person through water, or food, that has been contaminated with the faeces of infected individuals. S.Typhi infection is common in developing countries, particularly in densely populated urban areas with poor sanitation and lack of safe drinking water. S.Typhi primarily invades the gastrointestinal tract and replicates within non-phagocytic epithelial cells and phagocytic cells, thereby evading the immune system (Hurley, D).
The symptoms of typhoid fever include prolonged fever, headaches, nausea, loss of appetite, constipation, diarrhoea and death, in severe cases. In a small percentage of cases, infected individuals may become chronic carriers of S.Typhi after infection, and are responsible for spreading the disease in endemic regions.
Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, remains an important public health burden in developing countries and affects travellers visiting countries where S.Typhi is endemic. Vaccines are available to protect individuals from Typhoid fever but these do not confer life-long immunity (WHO).
References
Hurley D, McCusker MP, Fanning S, Martins M. (2014). Salmonella-host interactions – modulation of the host innate immune system. Front Immunol. Oct 7;5:481.
World health organization: Typhoid
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